Environmental Geography

Climate Change

Long-term changes in climate patterns and consequences.

BCS relevanceVery highDifficultyIntermediateTagsenvironmental geography · BCS

Summary

Climate change is a long-term statistically significant change in climate means or variability, from natural and human causes.

Core concept

Understand the system

Climate change is a long-term statistically significant change in climate means or variability, from natural and human causes.

Why / how it happens

Causes and context

Climate change is a long-term statistically significant change in climate means or variability, from natural and human causes. The governing relationship is: Greenhouse-gas emissions alter radiative forcing, warming the climate system and triggering feedbacks in ice, oceans, water and ecosystems.

Mechanism / process

Greenhouse-gas emissions alter radiative forcing, warming the climate system and triggering feedbacks in ice, oceans, water and ecosystems.

Key facts

  • Carbon dioxide, methane and nitrous oxide are important anthropogenic greenhouse gases.
  • Mitigation reduces causes; adaptation reduces harm from impacts.
  • Climate differs from weather by the time scale and statistical pattern considered.

Important terminology

  • radiative forcing
  • greenhouse gas
  • mitigation
  • adaptation
  • feedback

Named examples / case studies

  • Arctic sea-ice loss illustrates an albedo feedback that can amplify warming.

Causes / components

  • Key components: radiative forcing, greenhouse gas, mitigation.
  • Greenhouse-gas emissions alter radiative forcing, warming the climate system and triggering feedbacks in ice, oceans, water and ecosystems.

Effects / significance

  • Mitigation reduces causes; adaptation reduces harm from impacts.
  • Climate differs from weather by the time scale and statistical pattern considered.
  • Application: Arctic sea-ice loss illustrates an albedo feedback that can amplify warming.

Geography connection

Arctic sea-ice loss illustrates an albedo feedback that can amplify warming. This illustrates how climate change varies by location, scale or environmental context.

Bangladesh connection

Bangladesh faces sea-level, salinity, cyclone, flood, heat and livelihood risks while pursuing adaptation and low-carbon development.

BCS preliminary facts

  • Carbon dioxide, methane and nitrous oxide are important anthropogenic greenhouse gases.
  • Mitigation reduces causes; adaptation reduces harm from impacts.
  • Climate differs from weather by the time scale and statistical pattern considered.

BCS written analysis

Build an analytical answer

  • Climate change is a long-term statistically significant change in climate means or variability, from natural and human causes.
  • Greenhouse-gas emissions alter radiative forcing, warming the climate system and triggering feedbacks in ice, oceans, water and ecosystems. Use arctic sea-ice loss illustrates an albedo feedback that can amplify warming. as a named application in a comparative answer.

Common misconceptions

  • Climate change includes more than temperature rise.
  • A cold day does not disprove long-term warming trends.

BCS PRACTICE ENGINE

Test Your Knowledge

Select the best answer, then check your response.

Question 1 of 520%
QUESTION 01

Climate Change: which statement correctly applies radiative forcing to this topic?

Current score:0

Quick revision

  • Climate Change
  • Carbon dioxide, methane and nitrous oxide are important anthropogenic greenhouse gases.
  • Mitigation reduces causes; adaptation reduces harm from impacts.
  • radiative forcing / greenhouse gas
  • Definition → process → spatial example